As the Daehan season brings severe cold, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) urges the public to take extra precautions against cold-related illnesses this winter. Analysis of surveillance data from the past five years shows that more than half of cold-related illness cases occurred among those aged 60 and above. Cold-related illnesses include hypothermia, frostbite, and chilblains, with seniors, chronic disease patients, and those under the influence of alcohol being particularly vulnerable. The KDCA emphasizes reducing outdoor activities and maintaining warmth as key preventive measures.
Since 2013, the KDCA has operated an emergency room surveillance system for cold-related illnesses across 512 medical institutions nationwide. From the 2020-2021 to 2024-2025 seasons, a total of 1,914 cases were reported, with 1,071 cases (56%) involving seniors aged 60 or older. Notably, 234 cases (12.2%) involved seniors with dementia, highlighting the increased risk for those with cognitive decline. While hypothermia was more common among seniors, younger individuals were more likely to suffer from localized cold injuries such as frostbite.
Analysis of incident locations revealed that most cases occurred on streets across all age groups. However, seniors were more likely to be affected at home or near their residences, while younger people faced higher risks in outdoor activity areas like mountains, ski resorts, and riversides. KDCA Commissioner Im Seung-kwan reiterated the high proportion of senior cases this year and stressed the importance of wearing warm clothing, hats, and gloves when going out. Special attention is advised for those with chronic diseases or under the influence of alcohol, and fall prevention is also crucial.
With ongoing cold waves, the risk of health damage among seniors and chronic disease patients is expected to rise. The government will continue to strengthen the national climate adaptation capacity by operating the surveillance system and promoting real-time information and prevention guidelines. Citizens are encouraged to maintain proper indoor temperatures, engage in light exercise, stay hydrated, and avoid outdoor activities during cold spells. These efforts are expected to significantly reduce the incidence of cold-related illnesses and ensure a healthier winter.
This article highlights the significant impact of cold waves on senior health, supported by concrete data. The importance of surveillance systems and tailored prevention strategies for seniors, especially those with cognitive decline or chronic illnesses, is underscored. Integrating AI-driven risk prediction, real-time health monitoring, and community-based care can greatly enhance cold-related illness prevention and management in the future.